Not quite the same thing but modern high end cameras use CF-Express (as in compact flash). They communicate over PCIe using the same protocol as NVMe drives but have fewer lanes and usually are smaller. The tricky part is with their small size you don’t have as much room to cram as many flash chips onto a card compared to a 2280 NVMe.
I’ll add that KStars has a really powerful astrophotography suite called Ekos. It has lots of helpful automation features to make imaging relatively simple to setup.